The following topics should be revised:
You will also need an understanding of the following case studies which can be found by clicking on the link:
How can I learn the case studies?
The best way to learn each case study is to create a summary sheet of the key points. This can either be as a mind map or as notes (remember to use colour and small diagrams to help you remember the key points.
You can use a template to create your summary notes (click here to open the document and make your own copy to create your own notes on them) or you can create your own notes or mind map.
1. BUG the question and planning
What are the command word(s)? What is the question asking you to do / write about? Underline the key words.
Find a focus. Successful essays have a clear focus and strong, well articulated arguments. Typically, these should be introduced in the introduction.
Write a plan. Ensures your essay has structure and that you do not miss out important points.
2. What case studies can you use?
Think: data, detail, comparison between and within case studies.
Scale, location, time, local - global.
Don’t just dump all your case study knowledge! Be selective and be assertive with arguments.
3. How should I structure my essay?
Introduction: Gives an interpretation of the title, defines terms, indicates the direction of the essay / argument and generally sets the scene; ‘unpack’ the question. It is like the essay’s blueprint: once it is written, refer back to it as you write so that your essay remains on track. Give
The main body: What is your argument / theme? Get in contrasting points, and consider both sides of an argument in your answers. Make sure you backup your arguments with evidence and recognise alternative views. Think connectives ‘on the one hand’, ‘on the other hand’.
Remember to use PEEE:
Point
Evidence
Explanation
Evaluation
Keep coming back to the question.
Conclusion: Be decisive and draw together your main arguments. Do not contain new ideas. Do you need to explain to what extent you agree with a statement, the wider implications or future trends?
4. Are connectives important?
You must use connectives as a way of linking points and outlining arguments.
Connectives help you discuss and evaluate. For example:
Therefore
However
On the contrary
On top of this
In contrast
5. What else is important?
Impress the examiner with the application of knowledge that is relevant to the question.
Do not rush. Allow yourself enough time to write the essay.
Edit and proof-read your essay. Do not allow careless spelling and grammar to diminish its quality.
Keep referring to the wording of the title.
6. What things should be avoided?
Waffle and digression. Make sure that your writing is economically expressed, without unnecessary repetition and that it is fully relevant to the essay title.
Avoid very long paragraphs. Instead, look for contrasts and links in what you wish to write and use these as the basis for splitting up the single large paragraph.